Peracetic Acid Molecules

Revolutionising Antimicrobial Treatments

Battlestar: A Breakthrough in the Fight Against Antimicrobial Resistance

Battlestar is an antimicrobial delivery system that safely and stably generates peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide directly at the site of infection whilst supporting tissue repair.

The Core Components of Battlestar123
  1. Biodegradation of PLGA releases exogenous lactate to support tissue regeneration. PLGA hydrolysis releases TAED and SP precursors
  2. In situ generation of peracetic acid and hydrogen peroxide disrupts microbial cell membranes, delivering broad spectrum antimicrobial activity
  3. PLGA, PAA, H2O2 breakdown into water, carbon, hydrogen. Battlestar maximises antimicrobial efficacy while minimising cytotoxicity

1. Biodegradation of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) for Controlled Release

As the PLGA microsphere breaks down in the presence of aqueous media, it releases non-toxic precursor compounds: sodium percarbonate (SP) and tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED). This controlled degradation process allows for gradual and sustained generation of peracetic acid (PAA) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) at the site of infection.

2. In-Situ Generation of Peracetic Acid (PAA) and Hydrogen Peroxide (H₂O₂)

Once released, SP and TAED undergo a series of hydrolysis and perhydrolysis reactions in the presence of water. SP reacts to produce H₂O₂, while TAED reacts with H₂O₂ to generate PAA and acetic acid (AA). This in-situ generation creates a potent biocidal system, where PAA and H₂O₂ work synergistically, particularly in environments with high organic loads, which often hinder other biocides. Unlike pre-formed liquid PAA, Battlestar generates PAA at a near-neutral pH, significantly reducing cytotoxicity while maintaining broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity.

3. Safe Breakdown into Benign Byproducts and Support for Tissue Repair

The final stage of the Battlestar system involves the breakdown of components into safe, metabolisable by-products. PAA and H₂O₂ decompose into water, oxygen, and acetic acid and PLGA breaks down into lactic acid.

Key Advantages of Battlestar Technology

  • Broad-Spectrum Efficacy: Effective against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and spores, with no risk of resistance.
  • Minimal Cytotoxicity: Supports tissue repair and regeneration.
  • Sustained and Controlled Release: Maintains effective concentrations.
  • Innovative Manufacturing Process: Thermally Induced Phase Separation (TIPS) ensures safety and efficacy.

Scientific Validation

Our proof-of-concept studies, published in peer-reviewed journals, demonstrate the low cytotoxicity and sustained controlled antibacterial efficacy of Battlestar.

Read the Full Study
Battlestar™ PLGA Particle (placebo) Starting Inoculum Gram-positive (MRSA) Gram-negative (CREC) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Log10 CFU remaining

Battlestar™ achieved ~6.0 log10 reduction within 4 h, no detectable bacteria were grown (Sofokleous et al, 2017)